“What's the most influential problem affecting contemporary Christianity?”
I can only speak about Christianity in the US, and though I have a fairly wide sampling I don't imagine my assessment will be complete. There are plenty of problems to address, but to choose one? I find myself trying to find a name that will encompass what always threatens to become a tidal wave of bitterness. My position is unique in that I formally speak from outside the church, though my path is very similar, because I found that the church would not have me. But I'm getting ahead of myself.
To begin, I must define my own terms. When I say “Christianity” I am referring to the religious group, members of a religion. I am including in my umbrella the people who say “I don't call myself a Christian; I'm a follower of Jesus” generally because they adhere to similar theologies. However, in order to speak from less ignorance, I'm going to limit my assessment to the Protestant Evangelical branches of this religion, and all things that resemble them in form, since that's where my experience lies.
I expect the church to be riddled with holes. Let's take the Christian position and say that the church is divinely ordained, but administrated by humans. In that case, it's going to be imperfect, just as anything done by people is going to be imperfect. That is all right with me – provided that the church recognizes its own imperfection.
I once heard a quote that has followed me since -- “You are not God. Therefore, some of the things that you believe to be true will be wrong.” That means dearly-held religious beliefs as well as little things like I Know I Left My Keys Here. Maybe your keys aren't there, and it's possible that you made a mistake about the specific interpretation of the Bible too.
Like many people before me, I am of the belief that the Bible should be treated as a historical document. I will confess that it is my primary religious text – but not because I think not a word could fall amiss. It's because I think the Bible tells the truth about the meaning of existence. Its historical accuracy is questionable – as is the assertion that it was intended to be about historical facts in the first place. My saying this offends the sensibilities of my Christian acquaintances, whose first question is, “But you believe in Jesus, right?”
Just once, I would like someone concerned about my soul to say “But you're concerned with loving others first and foremost, right?” Or “But you are trying to spread the truth and beauty of God with your life, right?” No one ever asks that; they want to know my position on a historical event. This is what we call missing the forest for the trees. Jesus didn't become the center of the religious group that is now Christianity because he existed. While you may deem that important, Biblical texts don't show him saying, “You see me standing here, right? Good, then it's Heaven for you.” That wasn't the question then, but somehow it's become the question now.
In fact, the Biblical Jesus I see has very little concern with theological details. The disciples were not fit to follow him because they agreed about the trinity being a three-part divine figure; he only asked that they drop their concern for themselves. Forget fishing – don't worry about providing for yourself – just come with me, because I have work for you, work that's more important than catching fish. Jesus was not negating material goods; he was saying that looking out for yourself isn't the highest goal any more. It's not a question of theoretics so much as a shift in the way the world functions.
In this new order, what's important is love. By his terms, love is selflessness, is doing the best for others regardless of whether it's looking out for you. This is not the world order we've grown up in, where you have to take care of yourself because no one will do it for you, because they're all taking care of their own selves. This new order is fluid, ever-changing to meet the changes that will inevitably come to the world.
It is a revolution. Not only does this sort of thinking rearrange the way individual lifestyles look, but it begins to make larger shifts. Relationships look different when you're not trying to find someone right for you and you're trying to figure out how to best look after someone else. Political systems change when the primary goal of the society is service, not self-preservation.
But the people of this campus say to me, “You believe in Jesus, right?” That's their revolution, a catching historical theory.
With no bitterness, with no malice, I have to say that I hope you're wrong. I hope that salvation and redemption aren't about recruiting more theorists to your story. I hope there is a tectonic rumbling beneath us when the idea of love digs in and makes roots.